Neuroprotection & Oxidative Stress
In vitro work reports dose-dependent suppression of ROS accumulation and reduced necrotic cell death in neuronal cell models exposed to oxidative stress.
≥99% Purity
Pinealon
Tripeptide studied in neuronal oxidative-stress models
$65.00$32.50/vial with BOGO
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About this compound
Pinealon is a peptide made of three amino acids. It came out of the same pineal gland research as Epithalon. Studies have measured neuron survival and oxidative damage in low-oxygen and stress models. Peptides this short are studied for direct interaction with DNA rather than for binding a receptor. That is an unusual mechanism.
Copper-free EDR short-peptide bioregulator (Glu-Asp-Arg tripeptide)
- Formula
- C15H26N6O8
- Molecular weight
- 418.4 g/mol
- Form
- Lyophilized powder
- Sequence length
- 3 residues
0
Amino Acids
Glu-Asp-Arg (EDR) tripeptide
EDR
Short-Peptide Class
St. Petersburg bioregulator program
0
Research Areas
Neuroprotection & Oxidative Stress · Prenatal Neuroprotection Models · Peptide–Gene Expression & more
How It Works
How Pinealon works
The pathways Pinealon acts on — and what each one does. The animation traces its signal outward from the compound to every target it engages.
Signalling pathways studied in preclinical models · illustrative
Gene-Level Bioregulation
Peptide–DNA Interaction
Pinealon is a short, positively charged tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg). Research from the Khavinson group proposes that peptides of this class interact electrostatically with chromatin and the promoter regions of specific genes, influencing transcription of neuroprotective and antioxidant proteins.
- Proposed binding to promoter regions of specific genes
- Associated with sequence-specific changes in gene expression
- Studied as an epigenetic-level regulator rather than a receptor agonist
Reactive Oxygen Species Suppression
Oxidative Stress
In vitro studies report that pinealon produces dose-dependent restriction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in cerebellar granule cells, neutrophils, and PC12 cells under oxidative stress, alongside a decrease in necrotic cell death.
- Dose-dependent reduction of ROS accumulation in neuronal models
- Reduced necrotic cell death under oxidative-stress conditions
- Effects studied in cerebellar granule and PC12 cell lines
Neuroprotection & Plasticity
Neurotrophic Signalling
Research in prenatal and aged-animal models has examined pinealon's neuroprotective profile, including greater resistance of cerebellar neurons to oxidative stress and reported changes in neurotrophic-factor expression.
- Studied in prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia and hypoxia models
- Associated with greater neuronal resistance to oxidative stress
- Investigated in the context of cognitive-aging research
Uses & Applications
What Pinealon is researched for
The main areas Pinealon is being studied for — and the study-reported figures behind them.
Prenatal Neuroprotection Models
Animal studies examined pinealon in prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia, reporting changes in offspring cognitive measures and greater cerebellar neuron resistance to oxidative stress.
Peptide–Gene Expression
EDR-class peptides are studied as short-peptide regulators of gene expression and protein synthesis, with proposed binding to specific DNA promoter regions.
Hypoxia Resistance
In vivo research investigated regulatory peptides, including pinealon, for their effect on brain-neuron survival under hypoxic conditions.
Molecular Structure
The Pinealon molecule
An interactive 3D model rendered from the compound record — rotate and explore its structure.
C15H26N6O8
Compound Information
Full specification
| Chemical Name | Pinealon (Glu-Asp-Arg) |
| Sequence | L-Glutamyl-L-Aspartyl-L-Arginine (EDR tripeptide) |
| Molecular Weight | 418.4 g/mol |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₅H₂₆N₆O₈ |
| Form | Lyophilized powder |
| Purity | ≥99% (HPLC verified) |
| Testing | Third-party HPLC, Mass Spec, Endotoxin |
| Storage | -20°C for long-term stability |
| Solubility | Water-soluble |
| COA | Included with every order |
FAQ
Common questions about Pinealon
Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide composed of L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, and L-arginine (Glu-Asp-Arg, often abbreviated EDR). It belongs to the class of short-peptide "bioregulators" developed within Professor Vladimir Khavinson's research program at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, and is studied for its proposed effects on gene expression and neuroprotection.
The leading mechanistic hypothesis is that, as a short and positively charged peptide, Pinealon can interact electrostatically with chromatin and the promoter regions of specific genes, influencing the transcription of neuroprotective and antioxidant proteins. This is described as an epigenetic-level mode of action, distinct from neurotransmitter or receptor-based compounds. It remains an active area of investigation.
In vitro studies report that Pinealon produces a dose-dependent reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in cerebellar granule cells, neutrophils, and PC12 cells exposed to oxidative stress, and is associated with decreased necrotic cell death and increased cell viability in those models.
No. Pinealon is not approved by the FDA or any other regulatory authority for human therapeutic use. The published literature is preclinical and in vitro. Research-grade Pinealon sold here is intended strictly for in vitro laboratory research and is not for human or veterinary use.
Pinealon and Epitalon are both short-peptide bioregulators studied by the same research group. They share the proposed "peptide–DNA interaction" mechanistic framework but differ in amino-acid sequence and the gene targets and research models they are associated with. Pinealon (EDR) is most often studied in neuroprotection and oxidative-stress contexts.
Lyophilized Pinealon should be stored at -20°C and protected from moisture and light for long-term stability, preserving peptide integrity.
Research Use Only.
Not for human or veterinary use. For in-vitro laboratory research only. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA; this product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Sold exclusively to qualified researchers and institutions.